Bypassing Liouville Deterministic single-ion-implanted devices for reading atom quantum states
1 : Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (CQC2T), School of Physics University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 - Australia
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Liouville's Theorem, that phase space is conserved, links our ion sources to our potential applications in microscopy and nanofabrication. Cold beams confined to a very small phase space offer the potential, via Liouville, of transport onto the sample for high resolution applications.However, not all useful beams can be sourced from a small phase space. We are developing a precision single-ion deterministic doping system based on the collimation of a plasma ion source by a scanned nanostencil coupled to on-chip ion impact detector electrodes. We seek to address the challenge of the International semiconductor roadmap for 2011 which identified the need for deterministic doping to fabricate next-generation of silicon nano-scale complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors and other devices. The channel lengths of present generation devices are now so small (~20 nm) that it is comparable in size to the Bohr orbit of the donor electrons (~1.22 nm for Si:P) and the device performance is strongly influenced by statistical variations in donor concentration and the location of single donors. As well, when devices are cooled to milli-Kelvin temperatures, selected devices are sensitive to the internal quantum mechanical degrees of freedom of single dopant atoms. A specific goal of our work is to exploit these quantum phenomena in the development of a solid state silicon quantum computer which encodes information in the quantum states of a P donor atom electron and nuclear spins. We have succeeded in building a device allowing us to program and read-out both the electron and nuclear spins of a single engineered P atom. These spins are quantum bits which are the key components of the quantum internet of the mid-21st C.
